The “one family, one child” rule has been abolished in China.
The decision of the Fifth Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will radically change the demographic situation in the country. The law that prevented most Chinese families from having more than one child no longer applies.
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China introduced a policy of birth control in the late 70s of the last century: the country’s authorities came to such a tough decision due to rapid and almost uncontrollable population growth. Initially, the ban applied to married couples living in cities: such spouses could only have one child. The villagers were a little freer: they received the right to a second child if a girl was born first. Violation of the ban was punishable by large fines, as well as serious administrative penalties, in particular, dismissal from the civil service and expulsion from the party.
Over time, the birth control policy became a little more flexible: for example, if both parents were the only children in the family, they also received the right to have a second child.
It is noteworthy that to date, the Chinese are not only not outraged by the existing restrictions, but they themselves are not striving to have large families. In 2014, 1 million married couples applied for permission to have a second child. On the scale of China, this is quite a bit – and half as much as demographers predicted.
City dwellers are prudent about adding to the family, and it is not the law, but purely financial considerations that force them to limit themselves to the only child in the family. According to sociological surveys, only 60-65% of China's urban population would like to have more than one child. Residents of rural areas are more conservative: here 90% of respondents agree to a second child.
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